our dogs are all crate trained and we can shut the doors of the crate of doggie is showing to much interest, as long as the kitten has somewhere safe to go, we also have baby gates on the diningroom/lounge through enterance and this means the cats can get through the gate but the dog can't, its also cheaper to have baby gates than dog gates unless its a big dog and can jump a normal baby gate height.
We also kept the dogs on short leads at times so the kitten can get up close and see the dog but you are controlling the dog
If introductions are done then they will become the best of friends, sometimes it is possible to get kittens who have been bought up with the fosterers dogs this makes them very confident
Ours have gotten used to the dogs over time and even the newbies Caspurr, and Starr who are both big cats and weren't used to dogs have gotten over the fact the dogs are bigger than them and they all get on well, all our cats have an escape route if you can call it that behind my couch the dogs can't get near them should they be spooked in fact when the dogs bark which is seldom the cats start yowling
