Fluff, I had a similar episode with a rescue we had taken from CHAT, Kitty went MENTAL at us after being fine for three weeks. The damage to OH's leg wa svery similar to your pictures.
When I returned Kitty to CHAT, Celia said she suspected a brain disorder as the attack was not in Kitty's normal routine. Infact twenty minutes after the attack Kitty was purring and happy again - not the "hell-bent on death" killer who had attacked us both.
We felt the same - if she had been in the same room as a small child, the results could have resulted in blindness, disfigurement, who knows.
Just some cats seem to go psycho, but never having come across one before, and being SO scared, I actually broke down in the arms of poor Celia (who was so very kind to me by the way) because I was so traumatised by the attack - erm btw anyone who knows me knows I'm NO WUSS!
Glad you got your shots, but your neighbours definitely need to be told what has happened to both you and your cat, they may well be next. The least they can do is keep psycho cat indoors, or face a police complaint for owning a dangerous animal.