It depends on the dog and cat if you can actually do it. I've got two dogs, one an ex-racing greyhound that live with the tripod here, but the hound came from a kennel that had cats around, and her response in cat testing was to lick the testing cat - plus the cat is very very um... assertive as well - I still wouldn't trust them 100% together and I make sure I'm around to supervise, but that's a dog bred and trained to chase a small furry racing lure that manages to live with a cat fairly happily.
It's not something you can introduce quickly either - we had about a month of the cat having the spare room as her domain and the dog having the downstairs, with lots and lots of brief introduction periods - first the cat in the carrier, dog muzzled and on-lead with lots of treats when they ignored each other and taking her out of the room when she showed too much interest, then the cat carrier open and the dog on lead and muzzled, and gradually removing the lead, then replacing the lead and removing the muzzle before we got to where we are now where the pair of them get on OK.
If you've got a cat that's a bolter it's much harder - it's easier if you've got one who'll stand their ground and administer a quick swipe of the paws if a dog nose gets too close for comfort - if you've got a runner - it becomes a nice furry thing that the dog might want to chase and a fun fun game!
We still have issues - the cat food is boxed in with a combination of a storage crate coffee table and broken baby gate, with two loo rolls threaded on string to make a cat sized gap for her to get in and out to get her food but the dogs can't.... cat poo can be a fun, fresh, protein filled snack food to some dogs so litter trays are a factor (again we've managed to create a gap the cat can get in and out of but the dog can't as easily) - we had one incident where the cat went to have a poo, the dog stuck her nose in to inspect the new snack and the cat didn't appreciate a dog-nose scrutiny while she was powdering her nose, so belted the dog one, dog tried to pull her head out of the covered tray, tray got slightly stuck so we had a hound's head in the litter tray running backwards across the living room with an increasingly irrate cat still inside on the loo! That taught her the lesson faster than we could ever do though!
Both ours now fully accept the rule of their feline overlord to the extent that one will not ever ever ever sit on the sofa the cat likes, even if she's not there - the hound will share sofas with the cat more willingly! If I had dogs with stronger prey drive (it's a mystery to me how the grey ever won races with hers being non-existent most of the time) or a less dog-savvy cat (and she lost a leg before I got her because of a dog attack so it's amazing she's as confident as she is) then I wouldn't risk it and I did have to wait months to get a cat-workable greyhound.